Nov. 11. 1887: The "Haymarket martyrs"--August Spies, Albert Parsons, Adolph Fischer, and George Engel--are executed by the State of Illinois, essentially for the crime of having organized a labor protest at which police rioted. A fifth, 23-year-old Louis Lingg, killed himself in his cell the previous evening. Other defendants were later pardoned by the state.

Nov. 12. 1788: Mexican Gov. Fernando de la Concha recommends that Navajo establish themselves in permanent villages. 75 years later, under U.S. jurisdiction, the U.S. Army would systematically burn those villages. 1991: Occupying Indonesian troops murder 150 nonviolent demonstrators in Santa Cruz Massacre, Dili, East Timor.

Nov. 13. 1839: First U.S. anti-slavery party (the Liberal Party) established. 1974: Karen Silkwood, anti-nuclear activist, murdered, Oklahoma.

Nov. 14. 1957: 150,000 metalworkers rally against rearmament, Baden-Wuerttemberg, West Germany. 1968: Italian students lead nationwide general strike. 1993: CIA role in Haitian drug trade disclosed. U.S. media yawns; U.S. government declines to investigate itself.

Nov. 15. 1598: Juan de Onate declares possession of Hopi land (in what is now northern Arizona) in name of Spanish crown. 400 years later, the Hopi have still never signed any treaty with any non-Indian nation.

Nov. 16. 1972: Baton Rouge, Louisiana police kill two black student protesters at Southern University. 1980: Hundreds arrested at Women's Pentagon Action, protest of patriarchy and its war-making. 1989: Six Jesuit priests, their housekeeper, and her daughter are brutally murdered by U.S.-trained death squads, El Salvador. In subsequent years, including this year, the date has been used for rallies and actions to demand the closing of the "School of the Americas," the U.S. Army's training facility for Latin American thugs at Fort Benning, Georgia.

Nov. 17. 1785: Through strong drink, two Creek subchiefs are induced to sign a treaty ceding large portions of Alabama and Georgia to whites; treaty is repudiated by Creek Nation, to no effect.