Jan. 6. 1864: U.S. Army captures 11,000 Navajos, later force-marching them 400 miles to Fort Sumner, New Mex., killing thousands. Thousands more died of starvation after the army burned all Navajo crops and orchards. 1927: U.S. Marines re-invade Nicaragua after ending a 13-year occupation.

Jan. 8. 1894: Yakama sign away 23,000 acres of timberland formerly inhabited by Wenatchee tribe to the U.S. for $20,000. 1912: African National Congress founded, South Africa. 1995: Mothers' March for Life and Compassion to Grozny, Chechnya, leaves Moscow, Russia.

Jan. 10. 1994: U.S. Supreme Court lets stand implementation of North American Free Trade Agreement despite lack of an Environmental Impact Statement. 1996: 3,000 demonstrate and 12 are arrested in protest of Newt Gingrich fundraising visit, Westin Hotel, Seattle.

Jan. 11. 1912: Beginning of IWW-organized "Bread and Roses" textile strike of 32,000 women and children at Lawrence, Mass. 1975: CIA assassinates two Puerto Rican independence activists, Luis Chavonnier and Eddie Ramos, also killing a six-year-old child and injuring ten others.

Jan. 12. 1641: James City, Virginia, passes law that if any Indian commits a crime, the first Indian apprehended must pay penalty, with life if necessary. 1833: Law passed making it unlawful for any Indian to remain within the boundaries of the state of Florida. 1987: 20 West German judges arrested for blockading the U.S. Air Force base at Mutlangen, West Germany.