Oct. 7. 1879: Birth of Joe Hill, IWW organizer and songwriter. 1931: Birth of South African Bishop Desmond Tutu, who received the Nobel Peace Prize for his work against apartheid. 1969: Black football players at the Univ. of Wyoming kicked off the team for protesting against segregation at Brigham Young University. 1984: 20,000 march against Marcos dictatorship, Manila, Philippines.

Oct. 8. 1871: Great Chicago Fire. The cow got a bum rap. 1967: Revolutionary leader Ernesto "Che" Guevara is captured and summarily executed, Bolivia. 1976: Pres. Ford signs bill terminating Indian Claims Commission, ending mechanism for repayment of lands stolen from tribes. 1991: Six months of daily anti-war actions begin, Belgrade, Yugoslavia.

Oct. 9. 1919: International Fellowship of Reconciliation founded, Netherlands. 1982: Trade union "Solidarity" declared illegal, Poland.

Oct. 10. 1949: Native rights group ARROW (American Restitution and Righting of Old Wrongs) formed in Washington, D.C., headed by Will Rogers Jr. 1967: Treaty demilitarizing outer space enacted. 1987: 30,000 demonstrate against nuclear power plant, Wackersdorf, W.Germany. 1990: U.S. begins reparations payments to survivors and families of Japanese-Americans taken from their homes and imprisoned in internment camps during World War II. 1994: For the second year, Denver, Colorado, cancels its traditional Columbus Day parade, fearing confrontations with "radical elements" among the Native American community.

Oct. 11. 1908: Suffragists hold mass meeting in Trafalgar Square, London. 1972: Roberto Maestes leads Chicano activists occupying the abandoned Beacon Hill School, which they convert into a Chicano community center, El Centro de la Raza. 1987: Over 750,000 gays, lesbians and bisexuals descend upon Washington, D.C. for a march demanding civil rights; now celebrated each year as National Coming Out Day. 1994: Jennifer Harbury begins hunger strike, National Palace, Guatemala, demanding release of her husband, Efrain Bamaca. It is later revealed that CIA-paid Guatemalan military officials had kidnapped, tortured and murdered Bamaca.

Oct. 12. 1492: Christopher Columbus, lost and confused, runs aground. Tragedy ensues. 1911: Society of American Indians formed in Columbus, Ohio, beginning of Pan-Indianism. 1958: Reform Jewish Temple in Atlanta firebombed in retaliation for Jewish support of local black civil rights activists. 1961: FBI launches Socialist Worker Disruption Program. 1969: Navy nurse Susan Schnell drops anti-war leaflets from plane onto military base, California. 1992: Continental Congress of Indigenous Peoples meets, Managua, Nicaragua. 1992: Rallies, protests and arrests throughout the Western Hemisphere mark 500th anniversary of Europe's invasion of the Americas, resulting in genocide of its native peoples.

Oct. 13. 1934: AFL votes to boycott German-made products as a protest against Nazi antagonism toward German organized labor. 1965: Nisqually hold "fish-in" on Nisqually river; Janet McCloud, a Tulalip activist, is arrested and jailed until trial. 1972: Burns Paiute Indian Colony Reservation is established in Oregon; land for the reservation was allotted in 1897.