June 28. 1994: Department of Energy discloses that hundreds of U.S. citizens were unwittingly used for radiation experiments during the Cold War.

June 29. 1972: U.S. Supreme Court declares all state death penalty laws unconstitutional. Ruling is reversed in 1976.

June 30. 1852: Duwamish tribe awarded $62,000 for the taking of their aboriginal lands, including the present-day site of Seattle.

July 1. 1970: Women Against Daddy Warbucks destroy 1-A files in 8 New York City draft boards.

July 2. 1986: The U.S. Supreme Court upholds affirmative action as a corrective measure for past discrimination.

July 3. 1835: Children strike at Paterson, New Jersey for 11-hour day and 6-day week. They win a compromise settlement of a 69-hour work week.

July 4. 1881: Booker T. Washington founds The Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute. Washington becomes a leader in African-American education.

July 5. 1861: Constitutional guarantees of Habeas Corpus suspended by Abraham Lincoln; some 18,000 "subversives" and peace activists are jailed without cause or charges in U.S.

July 6. 1976: 96 arrested for trespassing at Trojan Nuclear Power Plant, Oregon.

July 7. 1979: 2,000 Indian activists and anti-nuclear demonstrators march through the Black Hills to protest the development of uranium mines on sacred lands.

July 8. 1996: International Court Of Justice declares that in almost all circumstances use of nuclear weapons is illegal.

July 9. 1978: 100,000 march in Washington, D.C. for ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment.

July 10. 1985: French secret police blow up Greenpeace "Rainbow Warrior" anti-nuclear ship in Auckland Harbour, New Zealand, killing activist Fernando Pereira.

July 11. 1947: Eight black prisoners killed in Georgia for refusing to work in swamp without boots.

July 12. 1980: Cree of Quebec file suit claiming Canadian and Quebec governments failed to honor James Bay and North Quebec Agreement. The James Bay I hydroelectric project flooded tens of thousands of square miles of Cree and Inuit lands.

July 13. 1775: Several canoes of Quinault greet Spanish ship Sonora off coast of Olympic Peninsula; 7 Quinault are killed.

July 14. 1950: Indian Claims Commission upholds an Indian claim for the first time in its history, awarding $3.5 million to the Choctaw and Chickasaw for lands illegally taken at the end of the Civil War.

July 15. 1863: New York anti-draft riots end after three days. Over 1,000 died, including many free blacks attacked and murdered by Confederate sympathizers.

July 16. 1877: A wildcat strike of 30 railroad firemen in Martinsburg, WV, against wage cuts, escalates into 2 weeks of national worker rebellion against the railroad industry and federal government. Strikers briefly seize the city governments of Pittsburgh and St. Louis.

July 17. 1927: First aerial military bombing of a civilian population, by a U.S. Marine squadron of 7 airplanes at Ocatal, Nicaragua, kills 300.

July 18. 1964: Riots break out in Harlem after a police officer shoots an unarmed black youth, in the first of a series of summer racial riots in Brooklyn, Rochester, Paterson, Elizabeth, Newark, Philadelphia, and Chicago.